How to Make 5v Power Supply Circuit

In this project, we’ll teach you making a 5v power supply circuit. To make this 5v power supply circuit, we make half wave rectifier circuit. A half wave rectifier is defined as a type of rectifier that allows only one-half cycle of an AC voltage waveform to pass while blocking the other half cycle. A full-wave rectifier is a rectifier which is used for converting both the half cycles of Ac input into DC output.

The circuit is used for converting the one-half cycle of Ac input to DC output. A rectifier is an electronic device than converts an alternating current into a direct current. A half-wave rectifier is used in soldering iron types of circuits and is also used in mosquito repellent to drive the lead for the fumes. In electric, welding, bridge rectifier circuits are used to supply steady and polarized DC voltage.

The article is being published in collaboration with JLCPCB. They supply high quality PCBs at a very reasonable price. They also can provide SMT circuit assembly.

We thanks to our sponsor JLCPCB https://jlcpcb.com/RTA  for sponsoring us PCBs for this project circuit.

Thanks To JLCPCB.

$2 for 1-4 Layer PCBs.

Get SMT Coupons - https://jlcpcb.com/RTA

To make this 5v power supply circuit, we might need some electronics component.

You can order your assembled SMT circuit form JLCPCB.

All components list have been given below –

Component List –

1.     Resistor – 1K

2.     Rectifier Diode – 1N 4007

3.     LED – 5mm

4.     Filter Capacitor - 1000µf/ 25v

5.     Voltage Regulating IC – 7812

6.     Transformer – 12.0.12v

7.     AC Cable

• The rectifier efficiency of a full-wave rectifier is high
• The power loss is very low
• Number of ripples generated are less
• Form Factor
• DC Output Current
• Peak Inverse Voltage
• Root Mean Square Value of Load Current IRMS

• It uses four diodes to design the circuit
• This circuit is not used whenever a small voltage is necessary to be corrected because the connection of two diodes can be done in series & provides a double voltage drop because of their inside resistance.
• As compared with the half-wave, it is complicated.
• The peak inverse voltage of the diode is high, so these are larger and costlier.
• This rectifier is complex to place the center tap over the minor winding.
• The DC o/p is little because each diode uses simply one-half of the secondary voltages of the transformer.

The applications of a full-wave rectifier include the following.

• This kind of rectifier is mainly used for identifying the amplitude of the modulating radio signal.
• In electric welding, polarized DC voltage can be supplied through a bridge rectifier
• The bridge rectifier circuit is used in a power supply circuit for different applications because it can convert the voltage from high AC to low DC.
• These rectifiers are used to provide the power supply to the devices which function with DC voltage similar to LED and Motor.

The schematics of PCBs can be seen above.

To make this 5v power supply circuit, we are using 1N 4007rectifier diode. We connect two rectifier diode cathode terminals with anode terminal of 1000µf/ 25v capacitor. For power indicator we are using 5mm LED light.

Now we connect 5mm LED cathode terminal with anode terminal of rectifier diode. Then we connect 1k resistor with anode terminal of LED and resistor’s other terminal with cathode terminal of that rectifier diode.

Though we are using 12.0.12 volt transformer, for that we need to connect a voltage regulating IC. Now we connect 7805 voltage regulating IC with the circuit. This voltage regulating IC have, three terminal. These three terminals have three different names (Voltage In, Ground and Voltage Out).

This time connect capacitor anode terminal with (Voltage In) terminal of voltage regulating IC and capacitor cathode terminal with (Ground) terminal of voltage regulating IC.

For voltage output, now we need to connect to cable with the circuit. We connect this cable anode terminal with (Output) terminal of voltage regulating IC and cathode terminal with (Ground) terminal of voltage regulating IC.

For input voltage we are using 12.0.12v transformer. We connect this transformer secondary section 12v cable with anode terminal of rectifier diode and transformer (Ground) cable with cathode terminal of voltage regulating IC. Then connect a AC cable primary section of transformer and connect AC cable with (220 ac) voltage.

If you complete design of your PCBs, then it is time to order PCBs. To order best quality PCBs, just visit JLCPCB and click on the “QUOTE NOW” button.

Since 2006,  JLCPCB continuously driven to become more efficient and to reduce costs. They promise to offer customers the most economic PCBs forever. JLCPCB makes cheapest but top quality PCBs possibly because of scale effect, extremely high production efficiency and less manpower cost.

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To order PCBs, make your Gerber file. Then drag and drop the Gerber file on the following box.

Click on “Gerber Viewer” button you can check the PCBs design. Make sure everything is good, then choose color, quantity and order your PCBs at very reasonable prices.

If you are a new user, then you can order 10 pieces PCBs, costing only $2. To place your order click on “Save to Cart”  button. Confirm your shipping address and shipping method.

To order your SMT PCBs, visit JLCPCB.

1.     Drag and drop SMT PCBs file on site.

2.     Choose your PCBs color and quantity.

3.     To free SMT assembly for your PCB click on “SMT Assembly” button and then confirm.

4.     Add your BOM file and CPL file.

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7.     Pay your payment

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JLCPCB supported all shipping method can be seen below.

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All PCBs were well packed and quality was really good.

Thanks to JLCPCB for best quality PCBs.