The Oasis

Hello! Welcome to my instructable! My name is Scott Hu. I enjoy hanging out with my friends and playing sports. I am a senior at Sage Hill High School and will attend Purdue in the fall as an Aeronautical Engineering major. I am passionate about STEM and love making things. Some of my hobbies include DJing, drawing/painting, metalworking, and collecting.

Last year, I participated in the Make It Bridge competition, where I had the exhilarating experience of modeling and rendering the bridge of my dreams. The challenge allowed me to explore my creativity and technical skills, resulting in a design that I was truly proud of. The process of conceptualizing and bringing my vision to life was incredibly fulfilling, leaving me eager for more opportunities to engage in such innovative projects. This positive experience made me exceptionally excited for this year's competition.

Because of last year's competition, I have gained a decent amount of experience in modeling and rendering. However, as I progressed through this year's challenge, I realized there is still much to learn. Each new project brings its own set of unique demands and learning opportunities. To successfully address this year's prompt, I had to adapt and change my approach, focusing more on the system. Unlike the bridge, a habitat encompasses numerous internal systems, each critical to its functionality and sustainability. This required me to shift my focus and look at the bigger picture. Designing a habitat involves integrating various elements such as energy management, water supply, waste disposal, and climate control, all while ensuring the comfort and safety of the inhabitants. This complexity demanded a holistic approach, where I had to consider how each system interacts with and supports the others.

As someone who enjoys the arts, I hold aesthetics in very high regard. Throughout my project, I meticulously balance form and function by integrating aesthetic simplicity with practical necessity. Drawing inspiration from the harsh, yet beautiful desert environment, I adopted a brutalist style with clean, geometric shapes that not only create a visually striking structure but also serve functional purposes. For instance, the angular design of the habitat helps deflect intense sunlight at different times of the day, reducing heat absorption and promoting natural cooling. The use of natural materials, such as locally sourced stone and sand, not only enhances the habitat's integration with the environment but also provides excellent insulation against temperature extremes. Every element of the design, from the orientation of the windows to the placement of communal spaces, was thoughtfully considered to ensure maximum efficiency and comfort for the inhabitants while maintaining an elegant and cohesive architectural form.

*Most of the images I rendered in Revit and Fusion 360

Physical Supplies:

Tape Measure

Ruler

Pencils

Computer (ideally a strong PC if you plan on rendering)

Digital Supplies:

Fusion 360

AutoCAD

Revit

Revit Plug-Ins (both have free 30-day trials):

V-Ray for Revit by Chaos

Files via GRABCAD (import to Fusion 360):

Bunk Bed

Outdoor Table

Water Tank

Urinal

Toilet

Cafeteria

I first began by immersing myself in research to explore various possible extreme environments. Among the options, the deep ocean and the desert quickly captured my interest. The deep ocean captivated me with its unique challenges and opportunities, particularly in terms of sustainable energy. The deep ocean offers a vast and largely untapped resource in the form of wave and tidal energy, which could be harnessed to power the habitat. Additionally, the potential for implementing underwater wind turbines added another layer of innovation and sustainability to the design. The idea of creating a self-sufficient habitat in such an unpredictable environment was both daunting and exciting. I also considered the wetlands as a potential extreme environment for my habitat. The idea of integrating tidal energy into the design was particularly appealing, as it presented an opportunity to harness the natural ebb and flow of the tides for sustainable power. Additionally, the concept of creating artificial wetlands intrigued me. These artificial ecosystems could serve multiple purposes: they could act as natural water filtration systems, provide habitats for local wildlife, and contribute to the overall sustainability of the habitat. By carefully planning the layout and construction of these wetlands, I envisioned a habitat that not only coexists with its environment but also enhances it. However, the desert environment presented a more formidable challenge, which ultimately drew me in more strongly. The majestic beauty and demanding conditions of the desert seemed to offer greater creative freedom. Additionally, my fascination with desert architecture played a significant role in my decision. I was particularly inspired by the simple designs and the brutalist style, which I recently saw in the movie "Dune 2 ". The film’s depiction of minimalist, rugged structures resonated with me, sparking ideas for creating a habitat that not only withstands the harsh desert climate but also harmonizes with its stark landscape.

After all the research, I realized I needed to understand the true essence of a habitat. I delved into the fundamental principles of creating a living space that supports human life in an extreme environment, studying the interplay of various systems and how they contribute to a self-sustaining ecosystem. I learned that the basic human necessities include water, food, and shelter.

Water: In a desert environment, water is scarce and precious. Ensuring a reliable water supply involves incorporating systems for collecting, storing, and conserving water. This could include rainwater harvesting, dew collection systems, and advanced filtration and recycling methods to maximize every drop.

Food: Access to fresh food can be challenging in a desert. Integrating sustainable food production methods such as hydroponics, aquaponics, or vertical farming within the habitat can help. These systems use minimal water and can be powered by renewable energy sources.

Shelter: The shelter must provide protection from extreme temperatures, intense sunlight, and sandstorms. Using materials with high thermal mass, such as adobe or rammed earth, can help maintain stable indoor temperatures. Designing with natural ventilation and shading elements, such as overhangs and strategic window placement, further enhances comfort.

Applying these to an extreme environment like a desert requires innovative solutions to address the unique challenges posed by such a harsh climate.

"Desert Power," a term I coined that refers to the immense potential of harnessing the desert's natural resources to create sustainable and resilient habitats. Deserts receive abundant sunlight, making them ideal locations for solar energy generation. High-efficiency solar panels and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems can be deployed to capture and convert the abundant sunlight into energy. CSP systems use mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight onto a small area to generate heat, which can then be used to produce electricity, offering a reliable and powerful energy source.

Innovative building materials and architectural designs are also key to adapting to desert environments. Materials such as rammed earth, which has excellent thermal mass properties, help maintain stable indoor temperatures by absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night. Additionally, 3D printing technology is being used to create structures from local materials, reducing transportation costs and environmental impact.

Passive cooling techniques are another vital area of technological advancement. Buildings are designed with features like wind towers, which capture and direct cool breezes into the living spaces, and courtyards that promote natural ventilation and shade. Green roofs and walls, planted with drought-resistant vegetation, not only provide insulation but also help reduce the urban heat island effect.

Water scarcity in deserts is being addressed through cutting-edge desalination technologies and atmospheric water generators. Modern desalination plants use energy-efficient methods, such as reverse osmosis, to convert seawater into potable water. Atmospheric water generators, on the other hand, extract moisture from the air, even in arid conditions, providing an additional water source.

Lastly, advancements in energy storage, such as high-capacity batteries and thermal storage systems, ensure a continuous energy supply even when solar or wind energy production is low. These technologies collectively enable the creation of sustainable, self-sufficient habitats in desert environments, turning these challenging landscapes into thriving, habitable spaces.

To take full advantage of the desert environment, I immediately decided to have the majority of my habitat built underground, blending it seamlessly with the surrounding landscape. For inspiration, I looked to Frank Herbert's "Dune". In the movie, the Fremen, the indigenous people of the desert planet Arrakis, utilize underground habitats known as sietches to adapt to the harsh desert environment. These subterranean communities are ingeniously designed to provide shelter from the extreme temperatures and relentless sandstorms that characterize the planet's surface.

The Fremen's sietches are carved into natural rock formations or hidden beneath the desert sands, offering natural insulation against the intense heat of the day and the cold of the night. This underground construction helps maintain a stable internal temperature, reducing the need for artificial heating or cooling. The entrances to these sietches are often camouflaged to blend seamlessly with the surrounding landscape, making them difficult to detect and enhancing their security.

Inside the sietches, the Fremen have developed advanced water conservation techniques, essential for survival in the arid desert. They use moisture traps and wind traps to capture and recycle water from the air, ensuring that not a single drop is wasted. The sietches are designed with interconnected chambers and passages that facilitate efficient airflow and ventilation, promoting a healthy living environment.

The layout of a sietch reflects the Fremen's communal lifestyle and their deep connection to the desert. Common areas, storage spaces, and living quarters are all integrated within the rock, creating a cohesive and functional community space. The Fremen also incorporate natural light into their underground homes through strategically placed openings and light shafts, which help illuminate the interior without exposing it to the harsh external conditions.

Their sietches are a testament to their resourcefulness and resilience, demonstrating how a community can thrive even in one of the most extreme environments in the universe.

In addition to the sietches, I took note of "Dune" architecture. The aesthetic simplicity and brutalist style of "Dune" architecture influenced the overall look and feel of my habitat(The image on the left is a render from my design). The minimalist design, with its focus on function and durability, creates a stark yet beautiful environment that resonates with the harsh, unforgiving beauty of the desert. This is especially the case with the Arrakeen Palace. The interior of the palace is expansive, featuring large halls, numerous chambers, and extensive corridors. The grand halls serve as meeting places for political gatherings and ceremonies, while the living quarters provide luxurious accommodations for the ruling family and their entourage. The design ensures both functionality and comfort, catering to the needs of its high-status residents. The palace also incorporates numerous windows, light wells, and courtyards to maximize the use of natural light and ventilation. These features reduce the reliance on artificial lighting and cooling, enhancing the sustainability of the structure.

The architecture of the Arrakeen Palace is a fusion of traditional desert building techniques and modern engineering. This blend ensures the palace is well-suited to the desert environment while maintaining a sense of grandeur befitting an imperial residence. In my design, I aim to mimic this fusion of modernity and traditional desert architecture.

Building a habitat underground in the desert requires careful consideration of numerous factors to ensure sustainability, comfort, and resilience. 

Thermal Regulation:

Insulation: The underground habitat must be well-insulated to maintain a stable internal temperature. Using materials with high thermal mass, like rammed earth or concrete, can help regulate temperature.

Ventilation: Proper ventilation systems are crucial to prevent overheating and ensure fresh air circulation. Passive cooling techniques, such as wind towers and strategically placed vents, can help.

Water Management:

Water Sources: Implementing systems to capture and store water is essential. Atmospheric water generators and rainwater harvesting can provide reliable water sources.

Conservation: Efficient water use and recycling systems, such as greywater recycling and low-flow fixtures, are necessary to minimize water consumption.

Energy Generation:

Renewable Energy: Solar panels and wind turbines can harness the abundant desert sun and wind to generate electricity. Energy storage solutions, like batteries, are needed to store excess energy for use during periods without sun or wind.

Energy Efficiency: Designing the habitat to be energy-efficient through the use of LED lighting, energy-efficient appliances, and smart home systems can reduce overall energy consumption.

Structural Stability:

Soil and Rock Analysis: A thorough geological survey is needed to ensure the stability of the underground structure. The habitat must be designed to withstand potential ground shifts and erosion.

Waterproofing: Effective waterproofing is essential to prevent water seepage, which can weaken the structure and create mold issues.

Natural Light:

Light Wells and Skylights: Incorporating light wells and skylights can bring natural light into the underground spaces, reducing the need for artificial lighting and enhancing the living environment.

Reflective Surfaces: Using reflective surfaces and light tubes can help distribute natural light more effectively throughout the habitat.

Integration with the Environment:

Camouflage: The habitat should blend seamlessly with the surrounding landscape to minimize visual impact and protect it from environmental extremes.

Native Vegetation: Planting native vegetation around the entrances and exposed areas can help with camouflage, reduce soil erosion, and enhance biodiversity.

Sustainability:

Local Materials: Using locally sourced materials reduces transportation costs and environmental impact while ensuring the materials are suited to the desert climate.

Waste Management: Incorporating waste management systems, such as composting and recycling facilities, to handle waste sustainably.

Health and Comfort:

Air Quality: Ensuring good indoor air quality through ventilation and the use of non-toxic building materials.

Comfort: Designing the interior spaces to be comfortable and adaptable to the needs of the inhabitants, with considerations for acoustics, ergonomics, and privacy.

Cultural and Aesthetic Factors:

Design Aesthetics: Integrating cultural and aesthetic elements that reflect the local heritage and environment, making the habitat not only functional but also visually pleasing and culturally relevant.

To further enhance the sustainability and comfort of my underground desert habitat, I meticulously angled the design to minimize sun exposure. This strategic orientation ensures that the habitat takes advantage of the natural shading provided by the earth, significantly reducing the direct impact of the harsh desert sun. By positioning the habitat with careful consideration of the sun’s path, I was able to optimize the thermal performance of the structure, keeping it cooler during the scorching daytime hours.

The angled design also incorporates overhangs and shading elements at the entrances and any above-ground structures, further protecting the interior from excessive heat. These elements not only provide additional shade but also create visually pleasing lines that blend harmoniously with the natural desert landscape. The habitat’s orientation allows for the integration of light wells and skylights that capture indirect light, reducing glare and maintaining a pleasant, diffused natural light throughout the living spaces.

This thoughtful angling and orientation of the habitat serve multiple purposes: they reduce the need for energy-intensive cooling systems, enhance natural ventilation, and ensure that the habitat remains comfortable even during the peak heat of the day. By aligning the habitat with the natural environmental conditions, I was able to create a living space that is both sustainable and resilient, demonstrating a deep understanding of and respect for the desert environment.

In addition to creating a habitat that embraced its surroundings, I wanted my design to serve a greater purpose, enhancing humanity in a meaningful way. Therefore, I decided to transform my habitat into a research center dedicated to discovering and developing new methods for desert survival. This research center would be a hub for scientists, engineers, and innovators working together to tackle the unique challenges posed by desert environments.

The primary function of the habitat is to serve as a research facility where experts can study and develop advanced technologies for sustainable living in arid regions. This includes innovations in water conservation, energy efficiency, and building materials suited for extreme climates.

The research center incorporates cutting-edge technologies such as solar panels, hydroponics, and a chemistry lab. These systems not only support the center’s operations but also provide real-world data and testing grounds for new innovations.

The design includes collaborative spaces where researchers and practitioners can work together on projects, share findings, and brainstorm new ideas. These areas are equipped with state-of-the-art facilities to foster innovation and teamwork.

Additionally, proximity to diverse desert landscapes allows for extensive field research. Scientists can conduct experiments and gather data directly from the environment, ensuring their findings are practical and applicable.

One of a habitat's fundamental pillars is its ability to accommodate life. Due to the research center's intended location and purpose, it needed to sustain life for extended amounts of time. The top floor of the habitat is dedicated to essential living amenities, ensuring that the residents have everything they need within easy reach.

There are three types of dormitories: four single rooms, three double rooms, and one quad room. Each type is tailored to meet different needs and preferences, providing a range of options for personal space and social interaction. Each dorm room is equipped with basic furniture and a bed, creating a comfortable environment to rest and rejuvenate.

The four single dorms offer private, quiet spaces ideal for high-level researchers who prefer solitude or need a dedicated area for focused work and rest. These rooms have essential furniture, storage, and a queen size bed.

The three double dorms are designed to accommodate two residents each, promoting collaboration and companionship. These rooms are more college-style, with two sets of furniture and storage, ensuring both occupants have their own space while sharing a closet.

The quad dorm is the largest, designed for four residents. It features a more communal setup, with shared living and sleeping areas.

The bathroom is located at the end of the dorm row to provide easy access for all residents while maintaining privacy. It is designed to accommodate the needs of the habitat's inhabitants efficiently and hygienically.

Inside the bathroom, there are six toilets and eight urinals. Additionally, on each side of the bathroom, there are separate shower and washroom areas. These areas are equipped with multiple shower stalls. The showers feature water-efficient fixtures and are designed to provide adequate privacy while promoting a quick experience.

The washroom areas include sinks, mirrors, and storage, allowing residents to carry out their daily routines efficiently

The pool, located outside on the deck, offers a stunning vantage point overlooking the majestic desert landscape. Its placement not only provides a refreshing oasis-like space but also integrates the natural beauty of the desert into the daily lives of the habitat's residents. The deck is designed as a tranquil oasis, featuring comfortable lounge chairs and couches arranged around the pool area. Additionally, the pool area includes advanced water purification systems to ensure a constant supply of clean water.

The pool area transforms the habitat into a sanctuary where residents can relax, socialize, and rejuvenate, all while being immersed in the stunning desert scenery.

The cafeteria is located in a separate section of the floor away from the dorms and bathroom. It offers nutritious meals prepared from locally sourced or hydroponically grown ingredients within the habitat. This not only ensures a steady supply of fresh food but also reduces dependency on external food sources.

Located on the floor below the pool, the lawn provides a rare and precious patch of green in the arid desert environment. This lush, grassy area stands in stark contrast to the surrounding sandy landscape.

The lawn is meticulously maintained using advanced irrigation systems that optimize water usage, ensuring sustainability in this water-scarce environment. These systems include drip irrigation and moisture sensors that deliver water directly to the roots. Furthermore, The grass species selected for the lawn are drought-resistant and well-suited to the desert climate,

Incorporating the lawn into the habitat was a deliberate decision driven by my artistic sensibilities and a deep understanding of the importance of mental well-being. As an artist, I find the color green immensely soothing and inspiring, and I wanted to bring this element into the habitat to create a visually pleasing environment. Additionally, the lawn adds to the oasis aesthetic of the habitat, enhancing the sense of a refreshing and life-sustaining sanctuary amidst the harsh desert

Part of the habitat's purpose is to foster discovery and innovation, which is why I constructed a research laboratory on the second floor. This state-of-the-art lab is equipped with all the essential tools and equipment needed to conduct a wide range of scientific experiments and research activities. The lab includes fume hoods to ensure the safe handling of volatile substances, gas burners for heating and combustion processes, and a variety of beakers and flasks for mixing and storing chemicals.

Microscopes are available for detailed examination and analysis, essential for biological and material science studies. Wash stations are placed throughout the lab to maintain high standards of cleanliness and safety.

Adequate storage space ensures that all tools and materials are readily accessible, while advanced ventilation systems maintain a safe and comfortable working environment. The laboratory serves as the heart of the research center, enabling scientists and researchers to explore new methods for desert survival and contribute valuable knowledge to enhance humanity's resilience and adaptability in extreme environments.

Another necessity of a habitat is its ability to provide food for its inhabitants. In the desert, maintaining conventional agriculture is nearly impossible due to the extreme climate and water scarcity. However, with the use of hydroponics, developing a reliable food source in the desert becomes feasible. During last year's competition, I implemented vertical gardens with drip irrigation into my design. This year, I expanded on this concept significantly to meet the needs of an entire research staff.

To achieve this, I have dedicated the entire ground floor of the habitat to hydroponic research and production. This area is designed to maximize space and efficiency, utilizing innovative farming techniques that allow for the cultivation of a wide variety of crops in a controlled environment. Additionally, the hydroponic systems use nutrient-rich water instead of soil, significantly reducing water usage and enabling the growth of fresh produce even in arid conditions.

The hydroponic setup includes irrigation systems that deliver precise amounts of water and nutrients directly to the plant roots, minimizing waste and ensuring optimal growth conditions. Climate control systems maintain ideal temperatures and humidity levels, further enhancing productivity and crop yield. This setup not only provides a sustainable food source for the habitat's residents but also serves as a research facility where new techniques and technologies for desert agriculture can be developed and tested.

Now, I will cover how I modeled my habitat. We will be creating the habitat in components and then assembling them at the end. For units of measurement, I'm using inches as they are easiest for me to visualize. Most of the modeling will be done in Fusion 360 and then imported to Revit for final touch-ups and rendering. Fusion 360 is fairly easy to navigate and beginner-friendly. However, Revit is a bit more complicated and professional.

I recommend having a good deal of experience with CAD to tackle this project. However, it is also a valuable learning experience to dive in and learn along the way, as I did.

Modeling the oasis was a challenging endeavor for me, filled with numerous obstacles and learning experiences. From the outset, I had a clear vision of having the building floors angled while preserving a linear aesthetic. This vision required extensive experimentation with various dimensions and configurations. I researched floor plans, seeking inspiration and practical guidance, and meticulously looked up the standard dimensions of roofs, floors, and walls to ensure structural integrity and functionality. The process was far from straightforward; it involved a significant amount of trial and error. There were countless instances where my initial designs didn't quite work, forcing me to start from scratch multiple times. This iterative process was often frustrating, as each failure seemed to set me back. However, each setback also provided valuable insights and gradually refined my approach. Despite the difficulties, the experience was ultimately rewarding. 

Initial Sketches

To begin I created a base sketch and made a rectangle with the dimensions of 720 by 480in. Next, I offset the rectangle sketch by 24in. From the long edge of the rectangle, I extended a line 1600in and made a rectangle with a width of 840in. In the top right-hand corner of the rectangle, I drew a line down 480in, and then 90° to the left I created a 360in line. From there, I drew a line 144in down and created a rectangle 840in to the left. 

For the next sketch, I will be creating the floor plan for the top floor. I begin by creating a large rectangle to house multiple dorms. At the end of the rectangle, I create another rectangle to house the bathroom. I use the offset tool to create a profile 12 in thick for the wall. To the right of the bathroom, I created another rectangle angled at 43.7°, this will house the cafeteria. At the other end of the structure, I extend a line 720in outward and connect it with the other side of the rectangle. This outer shape will serve as the deck where the pool will be. Then, I create a profile dedicated to the pool at the bottom of the sketch. Exterior walls are created at each end of the building to blend in with the sand.

I needed to create an area to store a laboratory in other facilities necessary for the habitat. So on the second floor, I decided to expand the floor plan. At an angle of 43.7°, I created the profile seen in image 4. Once again I use the offset tool to create profiles that can later be extruded to make walls.

Walls, Floors, and Roofs

Now we're ready to extrude the profiles. For all of the wall profiles that are 12in thick, I extrude them upwards 144in. This will give us a rough outline of the habitat. Next, I extruded the floor and roof profiles for the bottom two floors I extruded by 12 in. For the top floor to accommodate for the pool I needed to extrude it by 60 in.

Pool

I made the pool a separate body by cutting out the extruded body and then creating a new body from that profile. I assigned it an appearance to make it clear. The pool is bordered by a slanted guardrail. To make this, I created a profile perpendicular to the pool floor. Then I used the sweep tool to project that profile along the pool's perimeter.

Making Windows

For the windows, I created a sketch on the wall of the top floor. I drew lines from each edge of the wall to mimic its profile. Then I extruded and used the cut tool to create space for the windows. I made the windows 2 inches thick from the center and I assigned them an appearance to distinguish them. The window frames were created by projecting a sketch onto the windows and extruding the frame's profile out by 1 in. On the bottom floor, I created two pillars and a doorway using sketch profiles and the extrude tool.

To make sure I wouldn't have any trouble rendering in the future I separated and combined different bodies to correlate with the material I intended to assign them.

Importing Furniture

I wanted to add character and depth to my habitat so I added some furniture. From GrabCAD I imported six lounge chairs, two of which are in the pool. Additionally, I imported a furniture set that includes two chairs, a table, and a couch. To add them in, I simply download the files and open them in Fusion 360. Once opened you can make any needed changes to the model. Because the models weren't scaled correctly I had to use the scale tool to resize the models. To add them to the habitat I simply saved the file and then dragged it into the main project. Once in the project, I used the move tool to place the furniture where I wanted them.

Topography

In order to bring my creation to life through rendering in a realistic manner I needed to create the terrain of the desert. Creating this was going to be quite difficult as simply creating a large flat square as the ground was not going to cut it. However, I developed a method to create custom terrain by meticulously researching topography. Through videos and looking at topographic images, I realized that I could mimic topographic lines by using spline lines. Spline lines allow you to create any squiggly line of your choice through the use of bound points. If I set these spline lines at different levels I would be able to create a unique topographic sketch. I did this by creating a spine line and then using the move tool to set it at the desired altitude. Once I had all my lines set up I used the surface loft tool to connect the lines.

With that, we have finished modeling the Oasis. I'm very proud of how it turned out. The journey was filled with numerous challenges but my resilience and determination allowed me to overcome these obstacles. The result is a habitat that not only meets the initial vision but also stands as an innovative design and sustainable habitat

For the dorms, I created 3 different types of rooms (single, double, and quad). The single and double are the same except for the bed. The quad is bigger and contains more furniture. I'm going to explain how I made the single dorm for simplicity's sake. The double and quad are very similar to the single so its not that big of a deal.

Room

Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outer boundary of the dorm room. I defined the dimensions as 180 inches by 120 inches. I finished the sketch and selected the outer boundary. Using the Extrude tool, I raised the walls to a height of 144 inches. I created a new sketch on the front face of the walls where I wanted to place the door. Using the Rectangle tool, I sketched door openings (36 inches wide by 84 inches high). Using the Extrude tool with the Cut operation selected, I removed the door areas from the wall. Then, in the cut area, I created a door profile and extruded it.

Bed

I started a new sketch on the floor plane for the bed. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outline of the bed (80 inches long by 38 inches wide). I extruded this rectangle to the height of the bed frame (12 inches). Then, I created another rectangle on top of the frame for the mattress and extruded it to the desired mattress height (6 inches). Lastly, I used the filet tool to smooth out the edges of the mattress.

Desk

I sketched a rectangle on the floor plane where the desk would be placed (48 inches wide by 18 inches deep). I extruded this rectangle at a height of 30 inches to form the desk surface. Then I created a J-like side profile and extruded it. This would act as the desk's support.

Closet

I sketched the base of the closet against a wall (30 inches wide by 12 inches deep). I extruded the base to a height of 100 inches. I created vertical panels by sketching and extruding rectangles on the front face. I created a slit down the middle and added handles.

Chair

I imported it from GrabCAD and rotated it a bit

For the double dorms, I imported bunk beds from GrabCAD and replaced the beds. I also deleted the shelves along the walls as the bunk beds have storage. For the quad, I used 4 bunk beds and two dressers/drawers.

I imported the cafeteria model from GrabCAD. I found a cafeteria layout that perfectly suited my needs, and downloaded the model. I then imported the cafeteria into Fusion 360 by selecting the "Insert" option and choosing the appropriate file format. Once imported, I integrated the cafeteria into my existing design, adjusting its position and scale to fit the space. Utilizing this GrabCAD resource allowed me to focus more on customizing and refining other parts of the project, ensuring a cohesive and efficient design process.

Designing the bathroom for my habitat involved a meticulous process to ensure both functionality and aesthetic alignment with the overall design. I utilized the mirror tool a lot during this build as you will see there is a lot of symmetry.

Floor and walls

Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outer boundary of the bathroom, defining the dimensions as 369 inches by 816 inches. I divided the main floor plan into different sections such as the shower area, sink area, and toilet area. Using the Line tool, I created internal walls, ensuring that the thickness of the walls was consistent at 6 inches. I finished the sketch and selected the outer boundary. Using the Extrude tool, I raised the walls to a height of 144 inches. I selected the internal walls from the sketch and extruded them to a height of 115 inches to allow air to flow within.

Entrance ways

I created a new sketch on the front face of the walls where I wanted to place doors. Using the Rectangle tool, I sketched entrances, one main(100 inches x 144 inches), and two sub-entrances (84 inches x 60 inches). I used the Extrude tool with the Cut operation selected to remove the door areas from the wall.

Shower

I started a new sketch on the floor plane where I wanted to place the shower. Using the Rectangle tool, I outlined the shower base, making it 56 inches by 44 inches. I extruded the rectangle to a height of 4 inches to create the shower base. I created a new sketch on the top face of the shower base. Using the Line tool, I drew the outline of the shower walls (1 inch thick). I extruded these lines upwards to a height of 114 inches to form the shower walls.

Shower Head

I sketched and extruded a cylinder for the shower head on the wall, positioning it at a height of 90 inches from the floor. at the end of the cylinder, I extruded a rectangular profile for the shower head. I created small extruded shapes for the shower controls below the shower head.

Sink

I started a new sketch on the floor plane where I wanted to place the sink. Using the Rectangle tool, I outlined the sink counter, making it 25 inches by 75 inches. I extruded the rectangle at a height of 36 inches to create the counter. Below the counter, I created an Oklahoma-shaped side profile and extruded it. Next, drew the outline of the sink basin, making it 22 inches by 34 inches, and used the Extrude tool with the Cut operation to create the basin depth of 5 inches. Using the Filet tool I smoothed out the edges.

Faucet

I created a new sketch above the sink on the wall. I extruded small rectangles to form the faucet.

Mirror

Using a sketch placed on the wall above the sink I extruded a rectangle (40 inches by 70 inches) 1 inch out.

Urinal

I imported from GrabCAD. Created partition using rectangle sketch and extrude. Then used the copy and move tool to create more.

Toilet

I Imported from GrabCAD. Created stalls using rectangle sketch and extrude. Then used the mirror tool to create more.

It is worth mentioning that I used the mirror tool multiple times. If you look at the symmetries you will be able to tell.

This is the hydroponic system I designed in Fusion 360. This system includes cylindrical channels, a base frame, a water reservoir, and essential components such as a water pump, tubing, and net pots. Here’s a detailed account of how I modeled each part.

Base Frame

Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outer boundary of the base frame (72 inches long by 24 inches wide). Then, using the Extrude tool, I raised the base frame to a height of 2 inches. I created a new sketch on the underside of the base frame. Drawing four rectangles at each corner for the support legs (2 inches by 2 inches). I extruded these rectangles downwards to a height of 30 inches.

Channels

I created a new sketch on the top surface of the base frame. Using the Circle tool, I drew multiple circles for the hydroponic channels, evenly spaced across the length of the frame (each circle is 6 inches in diameter). I selected each circle and used the Extrude tool to create the cylindrical channels, extruding them to a length of 60 inches horizontally. I created new sketches on the open ends of each cylinder. Drawing circles matching the diameter of the channels, I extruded them to a thickness of 0.5 inches to create end caps.

Water Reservoir

I created a new sketch on the floor plane, adjacent to the base frame. Drawing a rectangle for the reservoir (48 inches long by 24 inches wide). I selected the rectangle and used the Extrude tool to raise the reservoir base to a height of 2 inches. I sketched on the top surface of the reservoir base and drew the walls by offsetting the edges inward by 0.5 inches. Extruding the walls upwards to a height of 24 inches.

Pipes

I sketched circles on the sides of the channels and the reservoir where the pipes would connect (1 inch in diameter). Using the Extrude tool, I created the pipes, ensuring they extended from the channels to the reservoir. I used the Move tool to align the pipes with the channels and the reservoir, adjusting as necessary to ensure a seamless connection.

Water Pump

I created a new component for the water pump by sketching and extruding basic shapes (a box for the main body, and cylinders for inlets and outlets). Positioning the pump near the reservoir, ensuring the outlet was aligned with the inlet pipe of the hydroponic channels. Drawing the path of the tubing from the pump to the inlet pipe of the channels using the Line tool. Using the Sweep tool to create the tubing by selecting the path and a circular profile (0.5 inches in diameter).

Plant Holders

I created a new sketch on the top surface of each cylindrical channel. Drawing circles for the plant holder openings, spaced evenly along the length of the channel (2 inches in diameter). Using the Extrude tool with the Cut operation, I removed the material for the plant holder openings. I sketched and extruded small cylinders for the net pots (2 inches in diameter and 2 inches high). Using the Pattern tool, I replicated the net pots and placed them in the openings on the channels.

Having previously designed similar systems, I was familiar with the essential components and their spatial requirements. Additionally, my understanding of hydroponic system functionality helped me ensure that each part was both practical and efficient. This part was a smooth and enjoyable task, reinforcing my expertise in hydroponics modeling.

To utilize the hydroponic system and provide water for the entire habitat, I needed water storage. On GrabCAD I found a suitable water tank and downloaded the model. I then imported it into Fusion 360 by selecting the "Insert" option and choosing the appropriate file format. Once imported, I integrated the water tank into my existing design, placing it on the bottom floor near my hydroponic setup. I used the move/copy tool to create 15 tanks, plenty to sustain the habitat.

Water is provided by underground aquifers. Once extracted, the water is filtered and purified through a series of treatment systems to ensure it meets all safety and quality standards. This purified water is then distributed throughout the habitat for various uses, including drinking, irrigation for the hydroponic gardens, and other essential daily activities. 

This state-of-the-art lab is equipped with all the essential tools and equipment needed to conduct a wide range of scientific experiments and research activities. The lab includes fume hoods to ensure the safe handling of volatile substances, gas burners for heating and combustion processes, and a variety of beakers and flasks for mixing and storing chemicals. Here's how I did it.

Laboratory

I created a sketch on the top plane. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outer boundary of my laboratory. I defined the dimensions as 600 inches by 300 inches. I used the Line tool to create internal walls, ensuring that the thickness of the walls was consistent at 6 inches. I finished my sketch and selected the outer boundary. Using the Extrude tool, I raised the walls to 120 inches high. I selected the internal walls from my sketch and extruded them to the same height as the outer walls. I created a new sketch on the front face of the walls where I wanted to place doors. Using the Rectangle tool, I sketched door openings, making them 36 inches wide by 84 inches high. I used the Extrude tool with the Cut operation selected to remove the door areas from the wall.

Workstations

I started by creating a new sketch on the floor plane where I wanted to place the workstation. Using the Rectangle tool, I outlined the workstation (96 inches long by 30 inches wide). I extruded the rectangle to a height of 1 inch to form the tabletop. I created a new sketch on the underside of the tabletop and used the Rectangle tool to draw the leg positions. Each leg was positioned at the corners (4 inches by 4 inches). I extruded these rectangles downwards to a height of 35 inches to form the legs. For additional storage, I sketched and extruded shelves under the tabletop. I created a rectangle (30 inches by 10 inches) for the shelf and positioned it between two legs. I extruded this rectangle to a thickness of 1 inch and placed it at a height of 18 inches from the floor. Lastly, I used the Fillet tool to smoothen any sharp edges on the workstation for a more polished look.

Shelving and Storage Units:

I started by creating a new sketch on the wall plane where I wanted to place the shelving unit. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outline for the shelving unit. For example, I made the shelves 30 inches wide by 12 inches deep. Within the rectangle, I used the Line tool to divide the space into individual shelves. I spaced them evenly, typically 12 inches apart vertically. I finished the sketch and selected the rectangular outlines of each shelf. Using the Extrude tool, I extruded these rectangles to a thickness of 1 inch to create the shelves.

I created a new sketch on the side face of the shelves. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outline of the side panels, making them the same height as the shelving unit and 1 inch thick. I extruded these rectangles to match the depth of the shelves (12 inches). To add stability, I created a back panel by sketching a rectangle that matched the width and height of the shelving unit (e.g., 30 inches wide by 48 inches high). I extruded this rectangle to a thickness of 0.5 inches. I started a new sketch on the floor plane where I wanted to place the storage cabinet. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the base outline (48 inches wide by 24 inches deep). I extruded the base rectangle to a height of 36 inches to form the bottom of the cabinet.

For the sides, I sketched and extruded vertical rectangles at each corner of the base to the same height (36 inches) and a thickness of 1 inch. I then connected these side panels with horizontal shelves, sketched and extruded to match the width and depth of the cabinet. I created a new sketch on the front face of the cabinet where I wanted to place the doors. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew the outlines of the doors (two doors, each 24 inches wide by 36 inches high). I extruded these rectangles outwards by 0.75 inches to form the doors. I sketched small rectangles or circles on the doors to represent handles and hinges. Using the Extrude tool, I created these features, ensuring they were proportionate and correctly positioned.

I used the Fillet tool to smooth the edges of the shelves, side panels, and cabinet doors. This included applying a small fillet radius (0.25 inches) to prevent sharp edges. For added organization, I sketched and extruded vertical and horizontal dividers within the shelves and cabinets. These dividers were typically 0.5 inches thick and spaced evenly.

Fume Hoods

I started with a new sketch on the floor plane where I wanted to place the fume hood. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew a rectangle for the base of the fume hood (60 inches wide by 30 inches deep). I extruded the rectangle to a height of 36 inches to create the base cabinet of the fume hood.

On top of the base, I sketched another rectangle, matching the width and depth of the base. I extruded this new rectangle upwards to a height of 48 inches to create the main enclosure.

I sketched a smaller rectangle on the front face of the enclosure for the opening (54 inches wide by 24 inches high). Using the Extrude tool with the Cut operation, I cut out this rectangle to create the fume hood opening.I added control buttons and panels by sketching and extruding small shapes on the front face.

I added a cylindrical duct at the top of the fume hood by sketching a circle (6 inches in diameter) and extruding it upwards.

Gas Burners

I started a new sketch on the floor plane. Using the Circle tool, I drew a circle for the burner base (8 inches in diameter). I extruded the circle to a height of 2 inches. On top of the base, I sketched a smaller circle (2 inches in diameter). I extruded this circle upwards to a height of 8 inches to form the burner column. I created another sketch on top of the column and drew a slightly larger circle (4 inches in diameter). I extruded this circle to a height of 1 inch to form the burner head.

Beakers and Flasks

I started a new sketch on the floor plane. Using the Circle tool, I drew a circle ( 4 inches in diameter).I sketched a profile of half the beaker’s cross-section (4 inches wide by 6 inches high) next to the base circle. Using the Revolve tool, I revolved the profile around the vertical axis to create the 3D shape of the beaker.

I followed a similar process for the flask but modified the profile to include a narrow neck and a wider base. I sketched the profile (4 inches wide at the base, 1 inch wide at the neck, and 8 inches high) and used the Revolve tool.

Microscopes

I started with a new sketch on the floor plane. Using the Rectangle tool, I drew a rectangle for the base of the microscope (8 inches by 10 inches). I extruded the rectangle to a height of 1 inch.

To create the microscope arm, I sketched a vertical rectangle (2 inches by 12 inches) on one edge of the base. I extruded this rectangle to a thickness of 1 inch to form the arm of the microscope.

I sketched circles on the top of the arm (1 inch in diameter) and extruded them upwards to form the eyepiece. For the objective lenses, I sketched smaller circles (0.5 inches in diameter) on the underside of the arm and extruded them downwards.

I added a rectangular platform for the stage (4 inches by 4 inches) on the arm and extruded it outwards. Using the Circle tool, I sketched and extruded small cylinders on the side of the arm to create the focus knobs.

Positioning Components in the lab

After designing individual components such as workstations, chairs, shelving units, and storage cabinets, the next step was to position them accurately within the lab layout.

Firstly, I ensured each piece (workstations, chairs, shelves, lab equipment, etc.) was created as a separate component in Fusion 360. This helped in managing and moving each item individually. I named each component appropriately (Workstation1, Chair1, Shelf1) to keep track of them easily. I opened the main lab layout file where the walls, doors, and windows were already modeled. Using the Insert tool, I inserted each pre-designed component into the lab layout. This was done by selecting Insert into Current Design from the right-click menu of each component in the data panel. I selected the workstation component and used the Move tool from the toolbar. I positioned the workstation in the center of the lab, ensuring it was aligned with the walls and had enough space around it for movement. I needed multiple workstations, so I duplicated the original workstation component by using the copy-and-paste commands. I then moved each copy to its respective position within the lab, maintaining consistent spacing between them.

I placed the gas burners, flasks, beakers, and other small equipment on the workstations, ensuring they were spaced out evenly and positioned for safe operation.

I placed chairs around the workstations, ensuring they were at an appropriate distance and orientation for practical use. If a chair needed to be rotated to face a specific direction, I used the Rotate tool.

Designing and positioning the lab was definitely one of the hardest and most time-consuming parts of the project. The intricate process required meticulous attention to detail and extensive planning to ensure every component fit perfectly within the space while maintaining functionality and accessibility. Despite the hurdles, the satisfaction of seeing the completed lab, fully equipped and ready for scientific exploration, made the effort worthwhile.

You made it! This is the final step (unless you want to render) and the most satisfying step. Here we will be combining all of our work into one file. The Oasis file will act as the base and be inserted first. This component remains fixed and serves as the reference point for positioning other components. Using the Insert into Current Design option from the right-click menu in the data panel, I then inserted each component into the new assembly file. For each inserted component, I used the Move/Copy tool from the toolbar. This tool allowed me to move and rotate the components into their approximate positions within the assembly. Once I was happy with the positioning of a component, I used the Joint tool to fix components relative to each other. I frequently checked from different views (top, side, front) to ensure all components were aligned correctly and there were no overlaps or gaps.

The images above are the final looks. I used the show/hide tool to provide a view inside.

This is where I switched to Revit.

To begin, search Chaos's V-ray for Revit and install the free trial. Once I had the plugin installed on Revit, I opened up a new project. From Fusion 360, I exported my Oasis file (not the final assembly as the computer would crash immediately) to AutoCAD as an IPT file. In AutoCAD, used the explode command to divide the large body into multiple smaller ones. From there I assigned each body to a respective layer. By creating layers I can later assign separate materials to different groups of bodies. With that done I exported the fill, now as a DWG file, to Revit. In Revit, I opened my DWG file and made sure all the components had transferred over. I then clicked the manage tab and clicked the object style button. In the object style window, I click the imported objects tab. Here, I can assign different materials to the different layers I created earlier.

In the V-Ray tab, I enabled V-Ray. Now I open the V-Ray Appearance Manager. This is where I assign V-Ray's material to Revits Material. After all the materials have been assigned I am ready to render. At the top of the screen, there's a house icon, I click the drop-down to create a camera. The camera acts as a POV from which you can render. I orientate the camera to my liking and render the scene.

During my experience designing my habitat, I learned the importance of meticulous planning, attention to detail, and adaptability. The process required a deep understanding of architectural principles and environmental considerations, especially in the context of an extreme environment like the desert. A habitat is more than just a shelter; it is a complex system designed to support human life by providing the necessities for survival, comfort, and productivity. This includes not only physical structures but also integrated systems for water, food, energy, and waste management.

Beyond the core aspects of design and engineering, I had to delve into numerous other fields to ensure the habitat was viable. This included studying environmental science to understand the impact of the harsh desert climate, learning about sustainable agriculture to implement effective hydroponic systems, and exploring psychology to create a living space that promotes mental well-being. The integration of various systems such as water recycling, energy generation, and waste management required a multidisciplinary approach, blending knowledge from civil engineering, biology, and technology. Each element needed to work seamlessly with the others to create a harmonious and self-sustaining environment. This complexity taught me the value of cross-disciplinary collaboration and the importance of considering every detail, from the macro-level layout of the habitat to the micro-level functionality of individual components.

Throughout the design process, I realized how much I value aesthetics and understand the significant role they play in creating an appealing habitat. My attention to visual detail was evident when I decided to incorporate a pool and lawn, adding elements of tranquility and green space that contrasted beautifully with the stark desert surroundings. These features not only enhanced the visual appeal but also contributed to the mental well-being of the inhabitants, providing a sense of serenity and connection to nature. I carefully considered the integration of the habitat with its environment, ensuring that the architectural style blended seamlessly with the natural landscape. Inspired by the minimalist and brutalist aesthetics from 'Dune,' I used simple shapes and materials that echoed the harsh yet stunning desert terrain. This focus on aesthetics was not just about creating a beautiful space, but about crafting an environment that feels cohesive, inviting, and reflective of its surroundings.

In my project, I explore how humans can adapt to any environment by leveraging technology. Even in the harsh desert climate, we are able to find ways to produce food through the use of hydroponic systems. This adaptation is crucial as it allows for a self-sustaining food supply in arid conditions. Additionally, designing the habitat partially underground helps mitigate the extreme heat, demonstrating how architectural strategies can enhance thermal comfort.

This project is a demonstration of the incredible resilience and ingenuity of humans. By understanding and respecting the unique challenges of an environment, we can develop innovative solutions that not only allow us to survive but thrive. This experience showed me the importance of integrating modern technology with traditional knowledge to innovate. It reinforced my belief that, with the right design and planning, humans can successfully adapt to any environment, turning even the most inhospitable places into livable spaces.

The entire process, from brainstorming innovative solutions to meticulously crafting each component, was a delightful challenge that brought out my creativity and passion. I loved envisioning a habitat that not only met the practical needs of its inhabitants but also enriched their daily lives. The joy of seeing my ideas come to life in a detailed, 3D model was immensely satisfying. Each step, whether it was designing the sustainable systems or adding aesthetic touches like the pool and lawn, felt like a creative journey. The prospect of contributing to a better living environment for others through thoughtful and innovative design is what drives me, and this project was a perfect embodiment of that passion. It was a reminder of why I create—to make a positive impact on people's lives through design.

Thank you very much for taking the time to read my instructable. I hope you learned something new from what I created. I want to thank the Instructables team for providing a canvas where we can let our paints fly.

Scott Hu