Universal Fan Speed Controller.

The project focuses on addressing the challenges posed by microcontroller-based fan control modules, which are often complex, hard to repair, and expensive to replace. The proposed solution is a Universal Fan Speed Controller built using simple and reliable components like the 555 timer and 4017 ICs. This design eliminates the need for complex programming and proprietary firmware, making it easy to repair and cost-effective.

The controller enhances conventional fans by offering features like adjustable speed, oscillation control, and timer functions. It is designed for straightforward attachment to standard fans, requiring no specialized knowledge for installation or maintenance. By simplifying repairability and improving reliability, this solution promotes sustainability, reduces costs, and provides significant environmental and economic benefits.

7473 IC

1KΩ,1MΩ,10KΩ,130KΩ,260KΩ,31.2MΩ,124MΩ,

2.2 µF,10 µF,100 µF

74LS14

555

4017IC

7414 IC

PC817

IN4007- rectifier

relay

Switch

LED

Cupper board

Enclosure

104J

5W LED Strip (OP)

1. Power Button:

1. The entire system will only turn ON after pressing the Power Button. Without this, no other features or functions will work.
2. Once the Power Button is pressed, the Whole System is turned ON.

2. Fan Motor and Speed Control:

1. To turn ON the fan motor, press the Speed Button. This requires the Whole System to be ON.
2. You can change the speed of the fan by pressing the Speed Button. Each press increases the speed by one step

3. Swing Motor:

1. If the fan has a swing motor (for oscillation), you can enable this feature, but the Fan Motor must already be ON.

4. Timer:

1. You can turn ON the Fan Timer by pressing the Timer Button, provided the Whole System is ON.
2. Pressing the Timer Button allows you to set the duration for which the fan remains ON. Each press increments the timer by one step.
3. When the set timer reaches its limit, the Whole System will automatically turn OFF.

Steps:

1. Create a schematic of the fan speed controller circuit using EasyEDA (EasyEDA ).
2. Simulate the circuit to ensure functionality.

Steps:

1. Once the circuit schematic is complete, transition to PCB layout mode in EasyEDA.
2. Arrange components efficiently to minimize board size while maintaining clear signal paths.
3. Add vias and tracks, ensuring proper routing for power and signal integrity.
4. Use EasyEDA’s design rule check (DRC) to verify the layout and address potential issues.
5. Export the Gerber files directly from EasyEDA for PCB manufacturing.

Steps:

1. Cut the copper-clad board to size.
2. Clean the board thoroughly with sandpaper to remove oxidation and dirt.
3. Place the printed layout face down on the copper board.
4. Use an iron (set to high heat) to press the paper onto the board for 5-10 minutes.
5. Let the board cool, then peel off the paper, leaving the toner on the copper.
6. Submerge the board in a ferric chloride solution or a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide.
7. Gently agitate the solution until the exposed copper is dissolved, leaving only the design.
8. Rinse the board with water and remove the toner using acetone.
9. Drill holes for through-hole components .
10. soldering components onto the PCB.
11. Ensure all connections are secure and properly insulated.

Initial Testing:

1. Connect the power supply to the fan controller circuit.
2. Check for any obvious issues
3. Verifying Functions(Speed Adjustment, Oscillation, Timer)

Troubleshooting Tips:

1. No Response from Fan,

Loose connections or power supply failure and Ensure the power supply is securely connected and providing the correct voltage (e.g., 12V or 230V depending on your design).

1. Erratic Speed Changes,

Faulty 555 Timer or incorrect resistor/capacitor values in the timing circuit.

Re-solder any suspect joints, particularly around the 555 Timer and associated components, as poor soldering can cause intermittent connections.

1. Timer Not Working,

Damaged 4017 IC. Cross-check the connections between the 555 Timer, 4017 IC, and other components for errors or poor solder joints.