Variable Power Supply
This build is for a variable power supply. I have a bench power supply i made from an ATX power supply and it works great but, it is not variable. Sometimes i need 6v or 9v ect. I cant do it with the ATX supply. So i built this one.
It has a dedicated 5V dc supply for logic circuits. Plus a 1.3V dc to 22V dc variable supply. My volt meter only goes to 20V dc so at 22V the meter is pegged clear over.
The reason some of this is built this way is because i used everything from my parts on hand, except the 1K 2 Watt resistor. That i had to buy for this project.
Parts:
1) Lm317 IC
1) .1µf cap Mylar number 104
1) 10µf cap 16v
1) 1µf cap 50v
1) 100 ohm 1/4 Watt resistor Brown Black Brown
1) 220 ohm 1/4 Watt resistor Red Red Brown
1) 1K ohm 2 Watt Resistor Brown Black Red
1) 5K pot. A 2k Would be best
2) 1N4007 Diodes
1) Volt Meter 20V dc
1) DPDT Toggle sw
2) SPST Toggle sw
1) Power Supply or Transformer 24V out
1) Mounting Board or Project Box
4 ) Header Pins
?) Various Screws, Wire ect
? ) Stuff i Forgot to list
The LM317 voltage regulator has 3 posts. Looking at it from the front, from left to right its 1 2 3. Post 1 is adjust. Post 2 is V out. Post 3 is ground. Its easy to get them mixed up, so be aware of orientation.
It has a dedicated 5V dc supply for logic circuits. Plus a 1.3V dc to 22V dc variable supply. My volt meter only goes to 20V dc so at 22V the meter is pegged clear over.
The reason some of this is built this way is because i used everything from my parts on hand, except the 1K 2 Watt resistor. That i had to buy for this project.
Parts:
1) Lm317 IC
1) .1µf cap Mylar number 104
1) 10µf cap 16v
1) 1µf cap 50v
1) 100 ohm 1/4 Watt resistor Brown Black Brown
1) 220 ohm 1/4 Watt resistor Red Red Brown
1) 1K ohm 2 Watt Resistor Brown Black Red
1) 5K pot. A 2k Would be best
2) 1N4007 Diodes
1) Volt Meter 20V dc
1) DPDT Toggle sw
2) SPST Toggle sw
1) Power Supply or Transformer 24V out
1) Mounting Board or Project Box
4 ) Header Pins
?) Various Screws, Wire ect
? ) Stuff i Forgot to list
The LM317 voltage regulator has 3 posts. Looking at it from the front, from left to right its 1 2 3. Post 1 is adjust. Post 2 is V out. Post 3 is ground. Its easy to get them mixed up, so be aware of orientation.
Tools and Be-Careful
There are 4 pictures of things you want to use.
There are 4 pictures of things you dont want to use.
Be-Careful so you can choose the 4 of these you want to use.
You wouldn't want to be forced to choose the 4 you dont want to use.
!!! KEEP IT SAFE !!!
There are 4 pictures of things you dont want to use.
Be-Careful so you can choose the 4 of these you want to use.
You wouldn't want to be forced to choose the 4 you dont want to use.
!!! KEEP IT SAFE !!!
Bread Boarding
This is my bread boarded ( second stage i will call it ) power supply. On the lower left is one of my logic probes with pulse injection. Thats another project to finish later.
The second stage is based on the popular LM317 voltage regulator.
It has input short circuit protection and out put short circuit protection from the capacitor discharge. You can find this schematic and more info at http://www.ladyada.net/library/equipt/diypsupp.html.
While my supply is based off of ladyada, it is not entirely the same.
I could not get a 10 turn pot so i used a volume control. Not the highest quality, it has skips in the wiper resistance. Mine would not work with the 240 ohm resistor as shown in the schematic, maybe due to the volume control. I ended up using a 100 ohm resistor instead.
The second stage is based on the popular LM317 voltage regulator.
It has input short circuit protection and out put short circuit protection from the capacitor discharge. You can find this schematic and more info at http://www.ladyada.net/library/equipt/diypsupp.html.
While my supply is based off of ladyada, it is not entirely the same.
I could not get a 10 turn pot so i used a volume control. Not the highest quality, it has skips in the wiper resistance. Mine would not work with the 240 ohm resistor as shown in the schematic, maybe due to the volume control. I ended up using a 100 ohm resistor instead.
Primary Power Supply
This is the primary power supply ( i will call it ), is from a Canon ink jet printer. Specs: 220v in. It has 2 out voltages. First is 5v dc at .2A, second is 24v dc at .55A
I used this because i didnt have a transformer that was close enough for this voltage range. Plus i have several of these types of power supplies. I wanted to use what i had.
There is 2 little locating nubs on the bottom, they made it not sit flat on the mounting board. I ground these off. Flat now. After i ground these locating nubs off the holes were fairly big. Bigger than i thought they would be. In hind sight it might of been better to drill the board for the locating nubs and then drilled a small hole for the screws. No going back, its done already. It actually worked out ok. The bigger screws had plenty of clearance for the PCB.
I marked and drilled the holes for the primary supply to anchor to. Mounted the lower plastic case. Re installed the PCB making sure everything lines up. Cut and tined the out put wires.
I used this because i didnt have a transformer that was close enough for this voltage range. Plus i have several of these types of power supplies. I wanted to use what i had.
There is 2 little locating nubs on the bottom, they made it not sit flat on the mounting board. I ground these off. Flat now. After i ground these locating nubs off the holes were fairly big. Bigger than i thought they would be. In hind sight it might of been better to drill the board for the locating nubs and then drilled a small hole for the screws. No going back, its done already. It actually worked out ok. The bigger screws had plenty of clearance for the PCB.
I marked and drilled the holes for the primary supply to anchor to. Mounted the lower plastic case. Re installed the PCB making sure everything lines up. Cut and tined the out put wires.
Assemble Secondary Power Supply
I soldered the heat-sink to the board also to give it more strength. Assembled all the components as per the schematic.
I used small screws as stand offs, marked and drilled the base with 7/64 holes. They were just the right size so the screws would thread them selves into the wood, keeping the perf board up enough so nothing touches underneath. I used the nut as kind of jam nuts so everything stays in place.
I used small screws as stand offs, marked and drilled the base with 7/64 holes. They were just the right size so the screws would thread them selves into the wood, keeping the perf board up enough so nothing touches underneath. I used the nut as kind of jam nuts so everything stays in place.
Wire Ends
I cut a block of 2 header pins. Soldered the out put leads to it, one leed to one pin then the other leed to the other pin of the same header. Then used individual heat shrink for each wire then one bigger heat shrink to cover it completely, including the plastic part of the header pin.
Red and black is used for the variable 24v side, then blue and red for the 5v side.
This way i can plug direct into the bread board.
Red and black is used for the variable 24v side, then blue and red for the 5v side.
This way i can plug direct into the bread board.
Switches, Gauge and Wiring
First we want to remove the mains plugin from the primary supply . Then bend the lugs up on the plugin so they dont go through the PCB any more. Soldier wires to the lugs and also soldier wires to the previous spot on the PCB where the lugs used to go through. Drill a hole in the back of the primary power supply box and route all 4 wires through there. Those wires will hook to a DPDT SW, now we can control the mains on and off instead of having to plug and unplug the cord every time.
I used some lock clips from the backs of computers. Soldiers 2 together as in the picture. Make 3 of them. These are the sw holders.
Use the same lock clip and flatten one out. Then re bend it so it will fit on the 5K pot and also locate on the bottom of the perf board. Soldier it there. This will help to keep the POT from bending at the tabs
Take 2 PC case block out plates. They are the plates you put on to block the slot in the lower back of the case if you are not using a video card or some other plugin card. Then cut them down so they will fit around the sides of the volt meter, secure with washers and nuts. I chose to mount the gauge where you see it. In front and at a slight angle back for easy viewing.
The switch operation goes as follows:
Left switch operates the main power. The middle switch operates the 5v supply. The right switch operates the variable supply.
The LED indication goes as follows:
The left LED ( green ) is main power at the secondary supply indicator, which is 22V dc.
The right LED ( yellow ) is 5v supply indicator,
The variable supply has no LED. You will know if its on by the volt meter
The green LED takes a 1k 2 watt resistor.
The yellow LED takes a 220 ohm 1/4 watt resistor.
I used this calculator for the resistors. http://led.linear1.org/1led.wiz
You can see the big 2 watt resistor compared to the 1/4 watt resistor. Not very common for me. I had to make a special trip just to buy this one.
The last picture shows everything on and working.
Thats it. Not very professional looking, but it suites me just fine. Also its mine not store bought.
I hope i explained everything well enough for you to understand. If i didn't please ask and i will do my best to clear things up.
If anybody decides to make this or some version of it i would love to see what you came up with.
I used some lock clips from the backs of computers. Soldiers 2 together as in the picture. Make 3 of them. These are the sw holders.
Use the same lock clip and flatten one out. Then re bend it so it will fit on the 5K pot and also locate on the bottom of the perf board. Soldier it there. This will help to keep the POT from bending at the tabs
Take 2 PC case block out plates. They are the plates you put on to block the slot in the lower back of the case if you are not using a video card or some other plugin card. Then cut them down so they will fit around the sides of the volt meter, secure with washers and nuts. I chose to mount the gauge where you see it. In front and at a slight angle back for easy viewing.
The switch operation goes as follows:
Left switch operates the main power. The middle switch operates the 5v supply. The right switch operates the variable supply.
The LED indication goes as follows:
The left LED ( green ) is main power at the secondary supply indicator, which is 22V dc.
The right LED ( yellow ) is 5v supply indicator,
The variable supply has no LED. You will know if its on by the volt meter
The green LED takes a 1k 2 watt resistor.
The yellow LED takes a 220 ohm 1/4 watt resistor.
I used this calculator for the resistors. http://led.linear1.org/1led.wiz
You can see the big 2 watt resistor compared to the 1/4 watt resistor. Not very common for me. I had to make a special trip just to buy this one.
The last picture shows everything on and working.
Thats it. Not very professional looking, but it suites me just fine. Also its mine not store bought.
I hope i explained everything well enough for you to understand. If i didn't please ask and i will do my best to clear things up.
If anybody decides to make this or some version of it i would love to see what you came up with.